内容：
　　一、学位英语考纲解析
　　二、各题型的答题方法及文章的结构分析
　　三、正确选项的特点分析
　　四、如何通过四个选项猜测答案
　　五、阅读理解的答题步骤
　　六、答题方法综合训练

　　一、学位英语考纲解析
　　阅读理解考试要求
　　能够综合运用英语知识和基本阅读技能，读懂难度适中的一般性题材（经济、社会、政法、历史、科普、管理等）和体裁（记叙文、议论文、说明文、应用文等）的英语文章。每篇文章300词左右，阅读速度达到每分钟80个词。具体要求为：

　　1.能够掌握文章的中心思想、主要内容和细节；
　　2.具备根据上下文把握词义的能力，理解上下文的逻辑关系；
　　3.能够根据所读材料进行一定的推论；
　　4.能够对文章的结构和作者的态度等做出一般的分析和判断。

　　二、各题型的答题方法及文章的结构分析

　　1.主旨题
　　主旨题分为文章主旨题和段落主旨题两种类型，其提问方式常有以下几种：
　　文章主旨题：
　　What is the main idea （subject） of this passage?
　　Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
　　段落主旨题：
　　The first paragraph indicates that _____.
　　Which of the following best summarizes Paragraph 4?

　　（1）文章主旨题的答题方法
　　主旨是一篇文章或一个段落的核心，是作者写作意图的体现。就学位英语考试而言，文章或段落的主旨通常以主题句（topic sentence）的形式出现。
　　答题方法1
　　略读（skimming）文章的开头、结尾及段落的首句和尾句，因为这些地方最能体现文章的主旨大意。主旨应该是宏观的，但又不能失之空泛。

　　文章类型：记叙文
　　1.During his life, J. S. Bach was not as popular as Beethoven and Mozart during their lifetimes. His music was considered hard to understand and even harder to play. Although Bach wrote more than 1,000 pieces of music, very few were published while he was alive. An employer originally rejected one of Bach's most famous works, the Brandenburg Concertos. Bach composed the piece in 1721 as part of a job application. He never even got a response, let alone the job he wanteD.More than 100 years later, the piece was finally publisheD.Today, you can hear orchestras all over the world playing Bach’s Brandenburg Concertos, which offers just one example of how public opinion of Bach has changeD.Now the composer is considered one of the most brilliant minds of Western Civilization.

　　2.Bach’s music is very complex. During his lifetime no one could imitate him. Instead of writing just one melody（旋律）into his music, he often used two. The two melody lines are kept separate throughout the music, like two voices having a conversation. But they are also precise, like a mathematical equation set to sounD.To the skilled listener, Bach’s complexity adds endless depth. Bach studied hard and expected his students to do the same. He once said, "I was obliged to be hard-working; whoever is equally hard-working will succeed equally well," Bach was a very patient and kind teacher.

　　3.Bach combined the notes from different instruments in a new way. More than anything, he wanted to invent. He was always experimenting with new patterns of musiC.He did not worry that others did not like his musiC.He just said, "If you cannot please all by your art or your work, satisfy the few. To please many is bad." Bach had a great influence on many of the composers who came after him.

　　（五道试题中的最后一题）
　　【例题】

　　答题方法2
　　在快速阅读原文的同时，考生应善于捕捉文章中频率出现高的关键词，这些词往往蕴含了文章的中心思想。这些关键词一般是同一词语的高频出现，也有可能表现为同类词（上下义词、同义词或同根词）贯穿全文。

　　文章类型：说明文
　　After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day.
　　There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.

　　Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly （although your eyelids are closed）. This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement.
　　If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep will put you to sleep!