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自考00012英语一-Unit 2 A Path to Follow【课文A课后练习】

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  Exercises
  Ⅰ. Checking Your Comprehension
  Directions: Choose the best answer to each question from the information given in the passage.
  1. The story tells us that we should_______.
  A) be ashamed of our faults
  B) not laugh at others' faults
  C) face our faults and turn them to our advantage
  D) not compare our faults with others' merits
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】本题考查课文中故事的寓意。课文最后一段阐述了故事的寓意,即我们每个人都有缺点,但我们都有自己要走的路,而这条路一定可以说明我们存在的意义。答案为C。
  2. The perfect pot_______.
  A) was embarrassed for the cracked pot
  B) felt sympathetic towards the cracked pot
  C) felt sympathetic towards the bearer
  D) took pride in its achievement
【正确答案】D
【答案解析】课文第二段第一句提到,那个完美的罐子对自己的成就非常自豪,D项中take pride in与文中 be proud of 是同义关系,以……为傲。答案为D。
  3. When the cracked pot apologized, the water bearer_______.
  A) had pity on it
  B) burst out in anger
  C) expressed great concern
  D) seemed somewhat indifferent
【正确答案】A
【答案解析】课文第七段第一句提到,the water bearer felt sorry for the old cracked pot,即挑水工对旧罐子感到同情。feel sorry for与have pity on是同义短语,同情……。答案为A。
  4. The water bearer showed the cracked pot the flowers on the way to_______.
  A) discourage the perfect pot
  B) draw attention to its merit
  C) praise the beauty of nature
  D) point out the imperfection of the flowers
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】本题考查挑水工让破罐子注意路边花的原因。根据课文第九段的大意可知,挑水工告诉破罐子他的功劳。因为它漏掉的水浇灌了路边的花,所以挑水工能够采花回去装饰主人的桌子。答案为B。
  5. The water bearer picked up the flowers to decorate_______.
  A) the perfect pot
  B) the master's house
  C) the cracked pot
  D) his own house
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】本题是对课文细节的考查,即挑夫采摘的花是用来装饰什么的。课文第九段倒数第二句提到,挑水工能够采摘到这些鲜花来decorate the master’s table.., to grace his house。答案为B。
  Ⅱ Building Your Vocabulary
  Section A
  Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with the correct choice of the words given in the brackets.
  1. One_______ of living in the town is the lack of safe places for children to play. (advantage, disadvantage)
【正确答案】disadvantage
【答案解析】句意:住在城市中的一个不利之处就是缺少让孩子玩耍的安全地方。根据后面的句意可知缺少让孩子玩耍的安全地方是一项缺点。advantage 优势;disadvantage 缺点。答案为disadvantage。
  2. All mail _______ were officially stopped for a short time during the strike. (deliver, deliveries)
【正确答案】deliveries
【答案解析】句意:在罢工期间,邮递被官方临时禁止了。空格中填入的词与前面的mail一起在句子中作主语,因此应该填入一个名词形式的词。mail delivery 邮递,是固定搭配。答案为deliveries。
  3. The students _______ the task in less than ten minutes. (accomplished, accomplishment)
【正确答案】accomplished
【答案解析】句意:学生们不到十分钟就完成这项任务了。空格中的词在句子中作谓语动词,因此应该填入动词accomplish完成。答案为accomplished。
  4. This effect was_______ understood by designers at that time. (imperfect, imperfectly)
【正确答案】imperfectly
【答案解析】句意:那时候设计师们没有完全理解这个效果。空格中的词在句子中作状语修饰后面的动词understand,因此应该填入副词imperfectly 不完美地。答案为imperfectly。
  5. She manages to stay _______ despite everything. (cheer, cheerful)
【正确答案】cheerful
【答案解析】句意:不论遇到任何事情,她都设法保持愉快的心情。本题考查stay的用法。注意stay后面接形容词或者名词作补语时,是作为系动词,表示维持某种状态。stay作停留讲,可接副词。答案为cheerful。
  6. We have to change the public's _______ that money is being wasted. (perceive, perception)
【正确答案】perception
【答案解析】句意:我们要转变公众浪费金钱的思想观念。that引导的同位语从句补充说明空格中的先行词。因此空格中应该填入名词perception认知。答案为perception。
  Section B
  Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
④decorate ⑥imperfection ⑤miserable portion
③flaws ①cracked ②compassion reply
  1. She passed her tongue over her dry and_____ lips and tried to speak.
【正确答案】cracked
【答案解析】句意:她用舌头舔了一下干裂的嘴唇,试图要说话。and连接两个并列的成分——形容词dry以及空格中的词,因此空格中应该填入一个形容词,然后根据空格修饰的中心词lips可知,cracked有裂缝的,符合题意。答案为cracked。
  2. I was hoping she might show a little _____ for victims of war.
【正确答案】compassion
【答案解析】句意:我希望她能对战争的遇难者们表示一下同情。空格中的词在句中作动词show的宾语,同时前面有形容词little 修饰,因此应填入一个名词,且根据后面的 victims of war可知,compassion同情,符合题意。答案为compassion。
  3. There are serious ______ in the way we train our teachers.
【正确答案】flaws
【答案解析】句意:我们培养教师的方式存在许多错误。形容词serious修饰空格中的词,因此空格中应该填入一个名词的复数形式。空格中的词是评价说明后面的the way,因此flaws(错误、缺陷),符合题意。答案为flaws。
  4. You can use shells to ______ boxes, trays, mirrors or even pots.
【正确答案】decorate
【答案解析】句意:你可以用贝壳装饰盒子、盘子、镜子或者罐子。use something to do something 使用某物做某事,因此空格中应该填入动词形式。由shell与后面的box 等的逻辑关系可知, decorate 装饰,符合题意。答案为decorate。
  5. She knows what has made life ______ for her employees.
【正确答案】miserable
【答案解析】句意:她知道是什么让她的员工生活悲惨。what引导的从句在句子中作宾语。空格中的词修饰前面的名词life,因此应该填入逻辑上能修饰员工生活的形容词,miserable 悲惨的,符合题意。答案为miserable。
  6. My father used to be a perfectionist and would never tolerate ______.
【正确答案】imperfection
【答案解析】句意:我的父亲曾经是一个完美主义者,无法忍受瑕疵。空格中的词作动词 tolerate 的宾语,同时根据前面的 perfectionist的属性可知,imperfection瑕疵,符合题意。答案为 imperfection。
  Section C
  Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable word.
  1. You should be apologizing _____ your customers for wasting their money.
【正确答案】to
【答案解析】句意:你应该为浪费顾客的金钱而向他们道歉。apologize to somebody是固定短语,向某人道歉。答案为to。
  2. You should be ashamed _____ yourself for telling such lies.
【正确答案】of
【答案解析】句意:你应该为撒谎而感到羞愧。be ashamed of是固定搭配,为……感到羞愧。答案为of。
  3. The details were supposed to be secret but somehow leaked _____.
【正确答案】out
【答案解析】句意:细节本应该保密,但是不知怎么被泄露了。leak out 是固定搭配,泄漏。be supposed to 本应该。答案为out。
  4. I feel sorry ______ anyone who has to drive in this sort of weather.
【正确答案】for
【答案解析】句意:我对任何需要在这种天气中驾驶的人表示同情。feel sorry for是固定搭配,为……难过。答案为for。
  5. Don't take any notice ______ what you read in the papers.
【正确答案】of
【答案解析】句意:不要在意你在纸上看到的任何东西。take notice of是固定搭配,注意到……。答案为of。
  6. Yesterday, I______ advantage of the good weather to paint the house.
【正确答案】took
【答案解析】句意:昨天我趁着好天气粉刷了房子。take advantage of 是固定搭配,利用……。根据前面的时间状语 yesterday 可知,时态应该是过去时。答案为took。
  Ⅲ Bridging the Gap
  Directions: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage. You may choose a suitable one from the list given.
⑥After ③loudly ①placed ⑤down ⑨contained
④load ②remove ⑩obstacle ⑧where ⑦picked
  In ancient times, a king had a boulder 1 on a roadway. Then he hid himself and watched to see if anyone would 2 the huge rock. Some of the king's wealthiest merchants and courtiers(朝臣)came by and simply walked around it. Many 3 blamed the king for not keeping the roads clear, but none did anything about removing the big stone out of the way.
【正确答案】1. placed 2. remove 3. loudly
【答案解析】1.根据boulder 与roadway 的逻辑关系可知,石头是被放置在路上,因此placed 放置,符合题意。答案为placed。
  2.空格中的词在句子中作谓语,因此应该填入动词形式,同时根据本段最后的 remove可知,remove(移动)符合题意。答案为remove。
  3.空格中填入的词在句子中作状语,修饰后面的动词blamed,因此应该填入副词形式,loudly blamed 大声指责。答案为loudly。
  Then a peasant came along carrying a 4 of vegetables. On approaching the boulder, the peasant laid 5 his burden and tried to move the stone to the side of the road. 6 much pushing, he finally succeeded.
【正确答案】4. load 5. down 6. After
【答案解析】4.空格中的词修饰后面的vegetables,通过观察各个备选词可知,a load of是固定短语,许多、大量。答案为load。
  5.空格前面一句中提到,农民carry 大量的蔬菜,同时根据空格后面的move 可知,农民需要放下担子去移动石头。lay down 放下,是固定短语搭配。答案为down。
  6.通过分析 push 与succeed 的逻辑关系可知, push 后才能succeed ,因此after 在……之后,符合题意。答案为After。
  As the peasant 7 up his stuff, he noticed a purse lying on the road 8 the boulder had been. The purse 9 many gold coins and a note from the king indicating that the gold was for the person who removed the boulder from the roadway. The peasant learned what many others never understood.
【正确答案】7. picked 8. where 9. contained
【答案解析】7.前文中提到,农民放下担子后移开石头,因此此时需要拾起担子。pick up拾起、检起,是固定短语。答案为picked。
  8.空格中的词引导后面的从句修饰前面的地点状语on the road,因此关系副词where符合题意。答案为where。
  9.空格中填入的词在句子中作谓语,根据purse与后面的gold coins的关系可知,空格中应该填入一个“包含”意思的动词。答案为contained。
  Every 10 presents an opportunity to improve one's condition.
【正确答案】10. obstacle
【答案解析】10.空格中的词在句子中作主语,联系前文及备选项,挡路的boulder代表了许多的障碍、困难,因此进行抽象归纳后可知,每个障碍后都代表着更好的机会。答案为obstacle。
  【参考译文】
  古时候有一个国王,他把一块大圆石头放在一条车道上,然后他躲起来看是否有人会搬开这块大石头。一些富有的商人和朝臣们路过此地都绕了过去。许多人还大声地责备国王没有使道路保持畅通无阻,但是没有一个人把大石头搬出道路。
  后来,一个携带着蔬菜的农民沿路过来了,他走近看到这块大石头,于是放下担子,试图把石头挪到路边。经过用力推动以后,他最后成功地移走了石头。
  当这个农民拿起他的东西时,他看到了一个钱包躺在路上,就在原来放石头的地方。钱包里盛满了金币,里面还有一张国王写的便条,指出:金子是赏给从路上移开石头的人。这个农民得到了别人没想到的东西。
  每一个障碍物都会给予改善一个人状况的机会。
  Ⅳ Translation
  Section A
  Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases in the brackets.
  1. We_________________(本航班延迟起飞,谨致歉意). (apologize)
【正确答案】apologize to you for the delay of the fligh
  我们对本航班延迟起飞,谨致歉意。
【答案解析】apologize to sb. for sth.指因某事向某人致歉。(航班的)延迟常用delay表示。答案为 apologize to you for the delay of the flight。
  2. His daughter looked such a mess that ___________________________(他为她感到害躁). (be ashamed of)
【正确答案】he was ashamed of her
  他看到女儿搞得一塌糊涂,他为她感到害躁。
【答案解析】be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧,是固定搭配。look a mess看着一塌糊涂。答案为he was a shamed of her。
  3. He decided to help Jane as ________________. (他同情她的遭遇). (feel sorry for)
【正确答案】he felt sorry for her bitter experience
  他决定帮助珍妮,因为他同情她的遭遇。
【答案解析】feel sorry for同情……。遭遇可以译为bitter experience。答案为he felt sorry for her bitter experience/misfortune 。
  4. Don't ____________ (理会别人的议论). (take notice of)
【正确答案】take notice of others' words/comments
  不要理会别人的议论。
【答案解析】take notice of 是固定搭配,在意、注意。答案为 take notice of others' words/comments。
  5. Many schools ____________________(没有充分利用因特网). (take advantage of)
【正确答案】don't take full advantage of the Internet
  许多学校没有充分利用因特网。
【答案解析】take full advantage of是固定搭配,充分利用 。答案为don't take full advantage of the Internet。
  Section B
  Directions: Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
  We convince ourselves that life will be better after we get married, have a baby, then another. Then we are frustrated that the children aren't old enough and we'll be more content when they are. After that, we're frustrated that we have teenagers to deal with. We will certainly be happy when they are beyond that stage. We tell ourselves that our life will be complete when our spouse gets his or her act together, when we get a nicer car, when we are able to go on a vacation, when we retire. The truth is, there's no better time to be happy than right now. If not now, when
  【参考译文】
  我们总是说服自己,结婚生子以后生活会好一些。然后因孩子年幼我们被搞得很心烦意乱,期待他们长大后,生活将更加满意。孩子长到十几岁,我们不得不对付他们的青春期的烦恼。我们认定,当他们过了那个年龄阶段,我们将过得幸福。我们总是对自己说,当我们与配偶齐心协力时、当我们买了一辆漂亮的汽车时、当我们能够去度假时、当我们退休时,我们的生活就完美了。事实是,再也没有比此时此刻更好的时间了。如若不是,更待何时?
  Ⅴ Organizing Your Ideas
  Directions: Put the following sentences in the proper order so that they make a complete paragraph.
  1. They needed to say "thank you", and so good manners dictated I should accept their thanks gracefully.
  2. I used to have difficulty accepting kind remarks and praise from others.
  3. Then one day I realized that, if I did not accept another person's compliments, I was not giving them a chance to "pay back" for the things I had done to help them.
  4. I would just mumble something along the lines of "It's nothing."
  5. Not accepting their "thank you" meant I was leaving them in debt, in a way.
【正确答案】排列句子顺序: 2 — 4 — 3— 1 — 5
【答案解析】做句子排序题首先要浏览一下各项,掌握段落大意。然后找出每句的关键词,在此基础上进行排序。关键词——used to,just mumble,then one day,they say thank you,not accepting。
  Ⅵ Reflecting on the Text
  When students first enter university, they feel excited and eager to get familiar with their new environment and make friends. Yet, as time goes by, the excitement gradually wears off and they begin to get bored with the lectures and complain about the food and everything. If that is your experience, plan how to overcome it so as to be able to make the most of your life at university. If not, imagine your best friend is having this problem and try to help by offering some sensible advice.
  【参考译文】
  当大学生刚刚进入大学时,他们感到兴奋、急切想熟悉新的环境、结交朋友。然而,过了一段时间以后,兴奋情绪逐渐减弱,他们开始变得心浮气躁,厌倦上课、抱怨食物及各种事物。如果你有亲身经历,制定计划如何克服它,使得你的大学生活更加有意义。如果没有,假设你最好的朋友有此问题,设法帮助他并提出一些合理的建议。
  【解题思路】本题是说大学生在熟悉大学环境之后,变得心浮气躁,开始抱怨各种事物。要求对此现象提出合理建议。
  1.明确这种行为是不合理、不正确的(unreasonable and incorrect)。
  2.提出解决这种问题的合理建议(advice)。
  (1)可参加课外活动(extracurricular activities),加入学生会(student council)。
  (2)去附近大学校园,变换环境(other universities)。
  (3)适当的体育锻炼可以增强身体素质,转移注意力,如跑步、爬山等(sports,climbing…)。
  3.最重要的是要摆正心态,适应周围环境并和老师同学处好关系。


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