2016年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语一
试卷及解析
(课程代码 00012)
一、阅读判断(第1~10题,每题1分,共10分。下面的短文后列出了10个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息,选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,选择C。)
The Truth about Left-Handed People
About 90% of people in the world today are right-handed.The other 10% are left-handed,including Obama,the President of the US.Every day,left-handed folks quietly face problems.It could be something as simple as driving a car or using a can opener.
Why are so few of us left-handed?One theory is that handedness (hand preference) could be a result of genetics.Scientists say that there are two genes (基因) associated with handedness.One is the D gene.It is more frequent in the population and promotes (促成) right-hand preference.The other is the C gene.It has the ability to promote a preference for either hand.When the C gene is present,there is a 50% chance that a person could be right- or left-handed.
Another theory has to do with human brains,which are made up of two halves.If the left half is more powerful,then one is most likely right-handed.But with left-handers,it is more complicated.Seventy percent of them are also left-brain dominant (占优势的).The other 30% have right-side dominant brains.
During the 18th and 19th centuries,left-handedness was considered a disability.But not all of the myths about left-handers are bad.One myth suggests that they are more creative and smarter than the right-handers.So far scientific research has yet to find any truth to these claims.In fact,a 2013 survey out of New Zealand found that left-handers and right-handers were the same.
Life might be a little more complicated for left-handers when it comes to cutting a piece of paper or opening a bottle of wine.However,it seems to be a good sign if you are trying to make it to the White House.
第1题
The right-handers are nine times as many as the left-handers.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
【正确答案】A
【答案解析】第一段前两句话表明,世界上大约有90%的人是右撇子,而另外10%的人则是左撇子,包括美国总统奥巴马。由此可知,右撇子的人数是左撇子的9倍,题干叙述正确。
第2题
Using a can opener could be a problem for left-handers.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
【正确答案】A
【答案解析】第一段最后两句话表明,每天,左撇子的人都很坦然地面对一些问题,比如像开车或使用开罐器这类简单的事情。由此可知,使用开罐器对于左撇子来说是一个问题,题干叙述正确。
第3题
Men are more likely to be left-handed than women.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】第一段主要讲到在世界上左撇子和右撇子的人数分布比例;第二段和第三段讲述了为什么左撇子那么少的两种理论;第四段讲到了不同时期对左撇子的不同看法;而最后一段讲到对于占少数人口的左撇子来说,生活上可能有一些不方便,其他的与右撇子并没有什么不同。由此可知,文章通篇没有提到男性比女性更可能成为左撇子,故选C。
第4题
Some scientists believe that handedness is decided by genes.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
【正确答案】A
【答案解析】第二段第二句话表明,一种理论认为偏好使用哪只手是由基因决定的。由此可知,题干叙述正确。
第5题
Most left-handers are right-brain dominant.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】第三段最后两句话表明,左撇子中有70%也是受左脑控制的,而其他的30%是由右脑控制的。由此可知,题干叙述错误。
第6题
In the 19th century,left-handedness was no longer considered abnormal.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】第四段第一句话表明,在18世纪和19世纪,左撇子被视为残疾。由此可知,题干叙述错误。
第7题
Right-handers live longer than left-handers.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】第四段最后一句话提到,事实上,根据2013年新西兰的研究表明,左撇子和右撇子在创造力和智力上都一样。但文章并没有提到右撇子比左撇子活得更长。
第8题
Left-handers are proved to be cleverer.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】第四段表明,有传说暗示,左撇子比右撇子更聪明,更有创造力,但是到目前为止,科学家还没有发现任何证据证实这些断言。2013年新西兰的研究显示,左撇子和右撇子在创造力和智力上都一样。由此可知,题干叙述错误。
第9题
The New Zealand survey found left-handers differ greatly from right-handers.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】第四段最后两句话表明,2013年新西兰的研究显示,左撇子和右撇子都一样。由此可知,题干叙述错误。
第10题
There are not enough specially-designed tools for left-handers.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
【正确答案】A
【答案解析】第一段最后两句话表明,每天,左撇子的人都很坦然地面对一些问题,比如像开车或使用开罐器这类简单的事情。最后一段第一句话也表明,对于左撇子而言,当他们想裁开一张纸或打开葡萄酒瓶盖的时候,生活可能有点艰难。由此可知,生活中并没有多少专门为左撇子设计的工具,故选A。
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