2017年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

语言与文化

试卷及解析

(课程代码 00838)

一、Single Choice（Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives.Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.(20分)）

第1题 Language is the ________ of cultural information.

A.determinant

B.presentation

C.carrier

D.component

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】(P6) 语言的特性之一就是：语言是文化信息的载体和容器。

第2题 Which of the following about language and thought is NOT true

A.Language exerts limited influence on thought.

B.Language is influenced and shaped by thought.

C.Language is closely related to thinking.

D.Language is an instrument used in the communication of thought.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】(P22~24) 语言与思维的关系表现在：(1)语言是交流思想的工具；(2)语言与思维关系紧密；(3)由于语言反映思维，所以语言受思维的影响和制约；(4)语言用来表达思想，因此它的结构和功能必须反映这些思想；(5)语言又极大地影响着思维。

第3题 In 1863 Lincoln issued the ________ to abolish slavery in the southern states of America.

A.Declaration of Independence

B.Homestead Act

C.National Constitution

D.Emancipation Proclamation

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】(P41) Emancipation Proclamation(解放宣言)是1863年1月1日林肯总统签发的宣言，废除在美国南部各州的奴隶制。

第4题 In a ________ people get served without having to leave their cars.

A.drive-in restaurant

B.motel

C.diner

D.large hotel

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】(P48) drive-in restaurant(汽车饭店)是人们不用下车就可以得到服务的地方。

第5题 English is often said to be more ________ than Chinese because the former has more grammatical morphemes than the latter.

A.grammatically explicit

B.derivationally implicit

C.subject prominent

D.topic prominent

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】(P94) 人们常说英语是显性语法的语言，而汉语是隐性语法的语言。这是因为就语法词素而言，无论在口语或书面语中，英语的语法词素不仅数量多而且使用频率也高。

第6题 There are more ________ in Chinese than in English as regards the passive structure.

A.recipients

B.explicit passives

C.implicit passives

D.formal passive markers

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】(P99~100) 英语中有些隐性被动句，形式上是主动句，意义上却是被动句。尽管不少的英语动词可以用于隐性被动句，但隐性被动句在数量上仍不及显性被动句。汉语中也有显性被动句。在很多情况下，汉语的被动意义是由隐性被动句表示的。在汉语中，隐性被动句的使用频率是很高的。所以，汉语中的隐性被动句比英语中的多。

第7题 If an English speaking person is complimented merely out of politeness on his Chinese，he may say“Oh,I wish it could be true”.The complimented may express ________ as a response to a compliment.

A.happiness

B.agreement

C.refusal

D.modesty

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】(P151) 如果一个讲英语的人感觉对方的赞语只是出于礼貌，他就可能否认。一般否认是很巧妙地讲出的，听不出明显的否定意味。例如，如果有人夸一个讲英语的人汉语说得好，他可能会说：“Oh,I wish it could be true.”