Ⅰ．Translatethefollowingwordsandexpressions:(10%)
1.FromEnglishintoChinese:
a.consignmentcontract
B.giverisetodisputes
C.inquiry
D.correspondentbank
E.commercialinvoice
2.FromChineseintoEnglish:
a.可转让信用证
B.采取法律行动
C.运载船只
D.受票人
E.债权人
Ⅱ.Matchthewordsandexpressionsontheleftwiththeexplanationsontheright:(5%)
(　　)3.discrepancya.afterpresentationofdraft
(　　)4.liability
B.absenceofagreement
(　　)5.cleancredit
C.suffer
(　　)6.aftersight
D.acreditthatdoesnotrequireshippingdocumentsforpayment
(　　)7.sustain
E.whatoneisresponsibleforaccordingtolaw
Ⅲ.MakebriefexplanationsofthefollowingtermsinEnglish:(20%)
8.customsunion
9.counterpurchase
10.most-favored-nationtreatment
11.insurance
12.CTD
Ⅳ.Fillineachofthefollowingblankswithanappropriatewordfromthelist(Youcanonlychoose10fromthefollowing12wordsinthesquare):(10%)

UponjoiningtheIMF,eachnationwasassigneda(13)　　　　basedonitseconomicimportanceandthe(14)　　　　ofitsinternationaltrad
E.Thesizeofanation’squotadeterminedits(15)　　　　poweranditsabilitytoborrowfromtheFun
D.Thetotal(16)（）totheFundwassetin1944at$8.8billion.Asthemost(17)　　　　nation,theUnitedStateswasassignedbyfarthelargestquota,31percent.Everyfiveyears,quotasweretobe(18)　　　　toreflectchangesintherelativeeconomicimportanceand(19)　　　　tradeofmembernations.Atthebeginningof1994,thetotalsubscriptionoftheFundhadgrownto144.8billionSDRs($205.4billion)throughincreasesin(20)　　　　andperiodicincreasesinquotas.
UponjoiningtheIMF,anationwastopay25percentofitsquotatotheFundingoldandthe(21)　　　　initsowncurrency.InborrowingfromtheFund,thenationwouldgetconvertible(22)　　　　approvedbytheFundinexchangefordepositingequivalentamountsofitsowncurrencyintotheFund,untiltheFundheldnomorethan200percentofthenation’squotainthenation’scurrency.
Ⅴ.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:(15%)
23.Businessasweknowittodaywouldbeimpossibleiftherewasnoagreementorcontracttobindthecontractingparties.Longago,peopledevisedameansforbargainingfortheconductofothersbyexchangingpromises.Theexchangeofpromisescametobeknownas“agreements”andgraduallybecameveryimportantintheliveofthepeopleandinthefieldofbusiness.Apromiseoragreementisreachedasaresultoftheprocessofofferandacceptanc
E.Whenanagreementisreached,acontractisformed,whichcreateslegalobligationsenforceablebylaw.
Contractscanbelongorshort,formalorinformal,simpleorcomplicated,andverbalorwritten,ofwhichthemostpopularisthewrittencontract(orpre-printedcontract).Theimportanceofacontractinaninternationalsalestransactioncannotbeunderestimate
D.Oftenitistheonlydocumentbetweenthepartiestowhichtheymayreferforclarificationofmutualresponsibilities,resolutionofdisputesintheeventofdisagreement.Andsuchacontractservesasa“livingdocument”thatmaywellsurvivetherelationshipitdefines.Sotheexportershouldavoidviewingthecontractmerelyasadocumentthatinitiatestransactionandsubsequentlyisfiledandforgotten.
Ⅵ.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:(25%)
24．贸易可能产生于规模经济，也可能是由于革新或款式的需要。
25．错误的陈述是欺骗，即使是无意中犯下的，合同也应视为无效。
26．在共同基金下，大中型企业只需将其准备基金的一小部分付给承保人。
27．这些机构的共同目标是通过把发达国家的资金输到发展中国家以帮助这些国家提高生活水平。
28．如果信用证可以由原受益人转让给一个或几个受益人，它就是可转让信用证，反之则为不可转让信用证。
Ⅶ.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish:(15%)
29．Whatarethemajorfunctionsofabilloflading?Howmanypartiesareinvolvedinabilloflading?
30．HowmanykindsofmarketsareincludedinthedomesticequitymarketinEngland?